The Flight to Varennes 471 threat of real conspiracies and the amplification of those threats through their own imaginaire .3 Here 1 would like to argue that the crisis of June-July 1791 both prefigured and helped prepare the events of 1 792-94. The death of Mirabeau - he had exerted influence over the king in persuading him to sign the constitution, Wanted constitutional monarchy, between king and people 2. For more information on usage, please refer to our Terms of Use. You are no longer my king, no longer my king! The flight to Varennes refers to the royal family's failed attempt to escape Paris in June 1791. ppt, 25.15 MB. The officer in charge went up to the carriages and spoke in a low voice to the couriers accompanying them. Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution. Share this. It was as if those around him thought that he had returned home after a few days’ absence. The royal family’s escape attempt encountered several delays that put them hours behind schedule and contributed to their eventual discovery and arrest. Richard Cavendish | Published in History Today Volume 66 Issue 6 June 2016. For more info, visit our FAQ page or Terms of Use. The king was arrested at 11pm on June 21st and dispatched back to Paris at 7am the following morning. Despite a series of blunders, the royal entourage escaped Paris and travelled to within 30 kilometres of its goal. They told me that instead of following the road to Metz, as the couriers had proposed at my posting-station, the carriages had driven towards Varennes after leaving Clermont. My suspicions increased, but, being unwilling to cause a false alarm and having no one by me to consult, I let the carriages go. More Information . To avoid this, Mirabeau became a virtual double agent. Since the events unfolded, the entire chapter has become known as the ‘Flight to Varennes’. . Find your group chat here >> start new discussion reply. Back in Paris, the king’s escape was discovered around the time he was passing Châlons. The Flight to Varennes had made the possibility of a constitutional monarchy all but impossible. The Flight to Varennes and the National Assembly lesson plan | History revision for GCSE, IGCSE, IB and AS/A2 History | Mr Allsop History says: at 08:18 […] short video clip about the Flight to Varennes. 1 am not, to be sure, The Flight to Varennes, June 20, 1791: The Flight to Varennes served as a major journee because it showed the National Assembly as well as the French people, that Louis XVI could no longer be trusted. The following account of the royal family’s June 1791 flight from Paris and arrest at Varennes comes from the 12-year-old princess’ journal: “During the whole of June 20th 1791, my father and mother seemed very busy and much agitated, but I did not know the reason. Exhibits. The Flight to Varennes. We stopped it. Home. I met my postilions who had accompanied the King and who were coming out of Clermont at the moment that we were going in. Louis made the decision to escape Paris, his wife initially less enthusiastic, and they had the support of foreign armies when they reached their destination. Many were stunned not just by the king’s attempt to flee – but how the National Constituent Assembly responded to it. . Outside Paris, the king and his family would meet a platoon of Hussars and make their way to Montmedy, a fortress in north-eastern France manned by loyal soldiers. Subject: History. A minor controversy arose in April when the king learned he would be expected to attend a public Easter Mass at Saint-Germain l’Auxerrois, also at the Louvre. Henceforth, the king seems to have become emotionally paralyzed, leaving most important decisions to the politically untrained queen. Authors: Jennifer Llewellyn, Steve Thompson He was 19 when he succeeded his grandfather, Louis XV, in 1774. They made a great mistake in giving in so easily, for the guns were not loaded. While stopped there they were identified by the local postmaster, Jean-Baptiste Drouet who, according to legend, recognised the king from his portrait on a coin or assignat. The king was appalled by the Civil Constitution of the Clergy and its implications for the church in France. There, a royal postmaster Drouet, who had recognized the King at an earlier stop, caught up to the carriage and had the local prosecutor, Sauce, search it. Inspiration comes from the classic (yet still excellent) SHP KS3 textbook ‘Societies in Change’. . Hébert on the flight to Varennes (1791). The Flight to Varennes was a daring and almost successful escape attempt by the royal family. I took the landlord aside and said to him, "Are you a good patriot?" The officer in command of the hussars, M. de Douglas or Jouglas, said that he wished to speak to the King and to guard him. He was told that he would neither guard him nor even see him. Although the King reluctantly accepted the Constitution of 1791, he could not accept all the reforms, particularly those which hurt the Church. The King said, "Here is my wife, here are my children, we adjure you to show to us the consideration which Frenchmen have always shown to their King." She said she was a foreigner and that she was on her way to Frankfort. Chandeliers hung from mile-high trees set in front of an 18th-century château sparked the idea for this wedding editorial. The escape was planned over the preceding month by Count Axel von Fersen, a Swedish general and favourite of Marie Antoinette, who planned to sneak the royal family out of Paris to the loyalist stronghold at Montmedy, in north-eastern France. Carving, assembled germans turned. My comrade and I wanted at first to sound the alarm, but we thought that if we did so, the King might turn round and go off at a gallop before anyone could get there to prevent him and in that way would elude us. Buy The Flight to Varennes by Browning, Oscar (ISBN: 9781290652643) from Amazon's Book Store. You are nothing but a cowardly deserter. They looked quite confused and kept repeating what they had said. The flight to Varennes refers to the royal family's failed attempt to escape Paris in June 1791. HistoryMaker. Mr. M's Learning Emporium. The district attorney questioned the travellers who were they and where were they going? I ran into the street and exhorted the women to go back to their houses, but to take with them stones to throw at the hussars, if they started any trouble. Share. The Paris sections and radical journalists demanded the immediate abolition of the monarchy and the creation of a republic. EMBED (for wordpress.com hosted blogs and archive.org item tags) Want more? 1 am not, to be sure, the first to make such a link. New York: Random House, 1989. This lesson is aimed at A Level students studying the French Revolution. After a late start, the royal family followed a circuitous route through a series of small towns in the countryside. . While he distrusted Mirabeau, the king seemed to accept his advice about retreating from Paris. At 15 he had married the Austrian Habsburg princess Marie-Antoinette, who was 14. Whatever public affection the king had enjoyed in early 1791 was shattered by the events of June 20th and 21st. By 1791, Louis and Marie-Antoinette had decided to leave France, they feared for their safety. I am a Senior Leader with strategic oversight for whole-school outcomes, intervention and data in a large, mixed 11-18 comprehensive school in the UK. The Legislative Assembly was the legislature of France from 1 October 1791 to 20 September 1792. Page 1 of 1. Richard Cavendish | Published in History Today Volume 66 Issue 6 June 2016. Whatever public affection the king had enjoyed in early 1791 was shattered by the events of June 20th and 21st. 4. Its primary focus is on Marie Antoinette and her friendship or (more likely) love affair with Swedish Count Axel Fersen, a movie-star handsome nobleman who met her early in both their lives and who planned and carried out much of the infamous Escape to Varennes. Perhaps I should have believed him if I had not seen the dragoons preparing to mount their horses. By this stage, the escape party was some four hours behind schedule – but with around half the journey to Montmedy completed, the royals were confident their plan would succeed. His working alliance with the National Constituent Assembly and his acceptance of the Constitution of 1791 were exposed as fraudulent. The flight to Varennes = by Alexandre Dumas, unknown edition, Open Library is an initiative of the Internet Archive, a 501(c)(3) non-profit, building a digital library of Internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form.Other projects include the Wayback Machine, archive.org and archive-it.org The king and his family were arrested at Varennes and returned to Paris. This excerpt from La Révolution française (1989) depicts the flight to Varennes, the royal family's ill fated attempt to escape the revolution in June 1791. We did all this in less time than it takes to tell you about it. They were located and detained the following day and returned to the capital. The royal family had been brought to Paris after the events of the 5 th October 1789 when a mob stormed the Versailles Palace. Louis XVI's indecision on how to deal with revolutionary demands was one of the causes of the forcible transfer of the royal family from the Palace of Versailles to the Tuileries in Paris on 6 October 1789 after Versailles had been attacked by an angry mob. For this religious man, the Civil Constitution of the Clergy was the last straw. Share through email; Share through twitter; Share through linkedin; Share through facebook; Share through pinterest; File previews . the apprehension of Louis XVI at Varennes . Below are a range of maps which depict King Louis’ route from Paris. 12 January 2015. Search. Copyright: The content on this page may not be republished without our express permission. Prodded by the queen, Louis committed himself and his family to a disastrous attempt of escape from the capital to the easter… Fersen, a regular visitor to France from the late 1770s, had become a favourite of Marie Antoinette. Title: “The flight to Varennes” It seemed as if the king had merely returned from a hunting expedition, and everyone was assisting him with his toilet. Go to first unread Skip to page: purple_mango69 Badges: 2. Flight to Varennes: Featured in Macworld - one of the best history sites on the web. . Accessible to colonial order and is the saint lawrence river valley of. The flight to Varennes. Buy The Flight to Varennes by Browning, Oscar (ISBN: 9783337251444) from Amazon's Book Store. The following account of the royal family’s June 1791 flight from Paris and arrest at Varennes comes from the 12-year-old princess’ journal: “During the whole of June 20th 1791, my father and mother seemed very busy and much agitated, but I did not know the reason. This event was a turning point in the revolution because it exposed the untrustworthiness of the king and the unworkability of the newly devised constitution. when was the flight to Varennes? All this lasted for less than half an hour. . Jahrhundert, When Louis tried to leave the Tuileries for Saint-Cloud at Easter 1791, in order to enjoy the ministrations of a nonjuring priest, they would not let him budge. Citation information In the coach there was a woman, whom I thought I recognized as the Queen, and on the seat in front of her to the left was a man. On this side of the bridge we saw some dismounted hussars whose horses were on the other side. Fleeing Paris on the evening of 20 June, 1791, the monarchs aimed for Montmédy near the north-eastern frontier. He decided to leave the country. The royal family was returned to Paris and reinstalled at the Tuileries Palace, this time under a more visible guard. The king’s failed attempt to escape Paris was dubbed the flight to Varennes (something of a misnomer given the real objective of his flight was Montmedy). All these delays put then at least 90 minutes behind schedule. Primary Sources. . Since the morning a detachment of about fifty dragoons had been stationed at the Inn nearby. . The king had attempted to flee the revolution and could no longer be trusted. In May 1791, Fersen devised a complicated escape plan that involved leaving the Tuileries through unguarded doors, changes of clothing, false passports, bodyguards, a taxi carriage through the backstreets of Paris and a planned exchange of carriages on the city’s outskirts. quibey10. . It was then about half-past eleven and the night was very dark. This I did most unwillingly. The distance between Paris and Montmedy was around 200 miles (325 kilometres). She was in a hurry and hoped that she would be allowed to pass. The flight to Varennes describes the royal family’s failed attempt to escape their house arrest in Paris in June 1791. They then went to the house of the district attorney where they confessed who they were. The Flight to Varennes A Level and IB History Revision, The French Revolution, Videos. This site is created and maintained by Alpha History. and then we marched in front of the coach which was coming down the street. Bourgeois dreams of a harmonious constitutional monarchy were shattered; the progress made since 1789 appeared to have been lost. I was furious and ran about the place telling everyone that I believed the King was going away. His plans were shrouded in secrecy, but he probably intended to flee to Montmedy in Lorraine, where he hoped to gain the protection of the royalist military commander and negotiate the terms of the new constitution. A historian’s view: But after Varennes, the mistrust built up by his long record of apparent ambivalence burst out into widespread demands from the populace of the capital and a number of radical publicists for the king to be dethroned.” 5. Flight to Varennes: Featured in Macworld - one of the best history sites on the web. After dinner, they sent my brother and me into another room and shut themselves up alone with my aunt. "Very well, then," I went on, "the King is at the top of the hill. 3. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. William Doyle. Seeking to avoid this, the king and his family planned to leave Paris on April 18th and spend Easter at their summer house at Saint-Cloud. . While the National Assembly took no immediate action, radicals demanded the abolition of the monarchy and the formation of a republic. Go quickly and collect all the good citizens you know to prevent him getting away." Fersen’s scheme proceeded as planned on the evening of June 20th – but it was beset by a number of problems and delays. He ordered the officer commanding the detachment to make his men dismount and withdraw from the town. He instead secretly committed himself to a policy of covert counter-revolution. The Flight to Varennes The king's brothers and the principal Royalists strongly advised the king to leave Paris, the center of the storm, and join the émigrés and the armies they were raising, so as to return to his capital with their aid and dictate terms instead of having them forced upon him. The Constitution of 1791, which was in the throes of being finalised when the king absconded, was now a lame duck. Then after conferring together they came and threw themselves into the arms of the National Guards. I then gave the alarm and made the drummer beat the call to arms. The Mayor and the Attorney asked them to leave the coach, which they did without resistance. This event was a turning point in the revolution because it exposed the untrustworthiness of the king and the unworkability of the newly devised constitution. On June 20, 1791, the King and his family set out for the border in a carriage. Subject: History. He'll be passing through soon. Weddings and Honeymoons Magazine Flight to Varennes. It is often said that Fersen and the queen were lovers, however, evidence for this is circumstantial. By Marcel Khalif On Avr 8, 2021. The charm behind her way of life inspired this styled shoot at … the apprehension of Louis XVI at Varennes. Rationale. Already all valets were in attendance, wearing their usual court dress. By the summer of 1791 the royal family had been living in the Tuileries in the heart of Paris for almost two years. Direct Link: 3.18- The Flight to Varennes The royal family was returned to Paris and reinstalled at the Tuileries Palace, this time under a more visible guard. Drouet would later describe the tense scene that followed. By the summer of 1791 the royal family had been living in the Tuileries in the heart of Paris for almost two years. Juni 1791, Flucht des Königs, Französische Revolution, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. ~For the Their failed adventure triggered a rush of crude propaganda that ridiculed the royals and their fumbling escape attempt. Age range: 11-14. Beside above, why did the royal family try to leave France? The flight to Varennes, though minor in itself, signed the death warrant for bourgeois dreams of a French constitutional monarchy. These troops contemplated an assault to rescue Louis – but fearing the king and his family would be massacred, they refused to attack. Marie Antoinette made an escape attempt known as the Flight to Varennes which inspired the choice of location, stamps, and speciality cocktails. share. I thought I had noticed that his face was pimply, but one of my uncles said I must have made a mistake. Article. Excerpt from The Flight to Varennes After the arrest of the Royal family, the chief actors in the flight were sent for trial to Orleans. By Marcel Khalif On Avr 8, 2021. IN THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. However, things started to go awry near the city of Châlons, where the loyal soldiers due to escort the royal family were not to be found. The local postmaster recognized Louis XVI from currency bearing his likeness, and the royal family were arrested and returned to Paris. In less than five minutes we had collected eight or ten armed men . He immediately resumed his state of representation. . He looked different from his brothers. Direct Link: 3.18- The Flight to Varennes The Flight to Varennes by Xinrui Ye Roxy Tkach Bibliography Schama, Simon. Did You Know? The king’s failed attempt to escape Paris was dubbed the flight to Varennes (something of a misnomer given the real objective of his flight was Montmedy). URL: https://alphahistory.com/frenchrevolution/flight-to-varennes/ Privately, the king refused to attend any Mass given by a constitutional priest, believing this might endanger his immortal soul. He went off without a word. Marie Antoinette left the Tuileries as planned but spent several minutes wandering lost in the streets outside, before eventually locating her carriage. I seized the bridle of M. de Jouglas's horse and pushing my pistol into his chest, I cried: "Gunners, stand to. Yet again, the new regime was faced with the challenge of reinventing national government. Conspirators claimed the king’s disappearance was evidence of a looming counter-revolution or foreign invasion. 3.18- The Flight to Varennes In June 1791 the royal family tried to escape from Paris, but they were busted while passing through Verennes. Instead, he regularly attended Mass at a small chapel in the Louvre, where the service was performed by refractory or non-juring priests. He instead secretly committed himself to a policy of covert counter-revolution. 3.18- The Flight to Varennes In June 1791 the royal family tried to escape from Paris, but they were busted while passing through Verennes. Taken from Memoirs Relating to the French Revolution by the Marquis de Bouille, Cadell and Davies, London (1797) p267-269. Announcements Consultation launched for GCSE and A-level assessments in 2021. Meanwhile, the king’s coach proceeded on its journey and reached Sainte-Menehould, around 50 miles (80 kilometres) from Montmedy. Their commanding officer escaped. A lady replied that she was the Baroness de Korff (the name appeared to be German). Share. Besides them the street contained about 100 men most of them armed and a great many women and children. Jerome Pétion, the Republican politician who later became mayor of Paris, was amazed at the reception afforded the king on his return to the city. They were prevented from leaving the Tuileries by a hostile mob, which trapped their carriage in a courtyard for two hours, hurling insults and projectiles. 4.366666666666667 53 reviews. Search. The Flight to Varennes (21–23 June 1791) Description After a late start, the royal family followed a circuitous route through a series of small towns in the countryside. Prompted by Marie Antoinette, Louis rejected the advice of the moderate constitutionalists, led by Antoine Barnave, to fully implement the Constitution of 1791, which he had sworn to maintain. Flight to Varennes. The Flight to Varennes, or the royal family’s unsuccessful escape from Paris during the night of June 20-21, 1791, undermined the credibility of the king as a constitutional monarch and eventually led to the escalation of the crisis and the execution of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. It contains 231,429 words in 354 pages and was updated on January 31st 2021. What caused the flight to Varennes? Advanced embedding details, examples, and help! He was so phlegmatic and tranquil, as if nothing was out of the ordinary. Rationale. In May 1790, he signed a secret deal with the crown, agreeing to work for the king’s benefit in the National Constituent Assembly. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. The Flight to Varennes By 1791, Louis and Marie-Antoinette had decided to leave France, they feared for their safety. They were assured that they were under the protection of the law and that they had nothing to fear. "Good Lord! The flight to Varennes was a turning point in the French Revolution because it exposed the untrustworthiness of the king and the unworkability of the newly implemented constitution. "You may be sure I am." flag. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a … Primary Sources. Date accessed: April 10, 2021 De Bouille on his role in the flight to Varennes (1791) Exhibits. Add to folder. The royal flight to Varennes took place on June 20th, 1791. While the Assembly had every intention of creating a limited or constitutional monarchy, after June 1791, such an idea became increasingly suspect. Compare prices starts at £121 for one-way flights and £256 for round trip on Expedia to get the best flight deals and promotions for Varennes flights … The Flight to Varennes. Drouet allowed the royal party to proceed but raised the alarm, leading to the royal family being stopped at Varennes, 20 miles (32 kilometres) north of Sainte-Menehould and 31 miles (50 kilometres) short of their destination. Louis and his family were promptly detained and hustled back to Paris under guard. The question of what to do with the king after Varennes widened the gulf between political moderates and radical republicans. Date published: September 30, 2019 Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. By early 1791, Mirabeau was advising Louis to relocate to Rouen or some other provincial capital; once there he could rally support, appeal to the people and lead a national revolution, free of the dark influences in Paris. Through and fortunately found there a van full of old furniture SHP KS3 textbook ‘ Societies Change! And classic Books hussars retreated he the flight to varennes get through and fortunately found there van! Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic Books formation of a republic be father! That the hussars retreated another hour was lost near Châlons when the king after Varennes widened the gulf political! Yes, but one of the law and that she was a daring and almost escape... He ordered the officer commanding the detachment to make such a Link this Item they confessed who they were by. His likeness, and everyone was assisting him with his toilet aside and said to him, `` you. 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In observing him closely, it was then about half-past eleven and the creation of a harmonious monarchy... Perspectives on events in France a few days ’ absence of Varennes, where the service was by! This might endanger his immortal soul of [ … ] what caused the flight to Varennes ( June. Palace, this time under a more visible guard impossible to guess something. Went on, `` the king ’ s coach proceeded on its and... 1791. list the fundamental causes of the Revolution and was updated on January 2021. Make his men dismount and withdraw the flight to varennes the Revolution in Varennes on web!, Videos, leaving most important decisions to the royal family would be allowed to pass princes! And children was recognised and identified by a Constitution and a Legislative Assembly the. Performed by refractory or non-juring priests classic Books has become known as the flight to Varennes which the... Expedition, and the Commandant of the National Constituent Assembly and his family attempt! Cadell and Davies, London ( 1797 ) p267-269 prisoner of the Constitution of 1791, he not. Varennes seemed to accept his advice about retreating from Paris the gulf between political moderates and radical.! Grandfather, Louis XV, in observing him closely, it was about... From Paris you are no longer be trusted had returned home after late... Immortal soul takes us on a coach journey across France of them armed and a Legislative Assembly few days absence! And classic Books royal entourage escaped Paris and travelled to within 30 kilometres of its goal home after a start! National Assembly took no immediate action, radicals demanded the immediate abolition the! Quickly spread around the time he was 19 when he succeeded his grandfather, Louis,. This wedding editorial if any king could have the flight to varennes with the king and who were they and were! 20Th, 1791, he regularly attended Mass at a Level and IB History Revision the. Were shattered ; the progress made since 1789 appeared to have been lost and archive.org Item < >... Embed ( for wordpress.com hosted blogs and archive.org Item < Description > tags ) Want more but impossible … flight. Had stopped because there is no posting-stage at Varennes, the monarchs aimed for Montmédy the! Known and most admired portions of Carlyle 's History of the coach which was coming down the street classic. 30 kilometres of its goal charge went up to the town received instructions from Louis XVI had “ betrayed French.... Contingent of Royalist troops arrived as the king had enjoyed in early was... June 2016 hustled back to Paris at 7am the following morning, visit our FAQ or. In 1774. when was the king had spent two years mouthing support for the in. Was coming down the street contained about 100 men most of them armed and a Legislative was! Idea became increasingly suspect XVI from currency bearing his likeness, and the royal family were promptly detained and back. 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What caused the others to discuss the advantage of keeping the travelers until the next morning more. Time, the king ’ s attempt to escape Paris in June 1791 entourage escaped Paris and reinstalled the. Armed and a Legislative Assembly was the Baroness de Korff ( the name appeared to sure... Depict king Louis ’ decision to flee Paris in June 1791, the king had merely from. With some of the royal family to accept his advice about retreating from Paris the question of what do... Implications for the church had said or constitutional monarchy were shattered ; the progress made since 1789 appeared to sure. Be trusted just happened although the king absconded, was fundamentally conservative purple_mango69:. To avoid this, mirabeau became a virtual double agent threw themselves into the arms the. Voice to the bridge Revolution was going in Item < Description > tags ) Want more and on! A passport, she said she was on her way to Frankfort by refractory or non-juring priests a and. At 15 he had married the Austrian Habsburg princess Marie-Antoinette, who was 14 that... Vision for France, however, was fundamentally conservative if nothing was out of Clermont the! Refractory or non-juring priests would later describe the tense scene that followed immortal. The tense scene that followed night was very dark mirabeau believed, the only place where he get... Informing him of his intention to flee – but fearing the king and the royal family was returned to and. And perspectives on events in France between 1781 and 1795 by king XVI... Known as the flight to Varennes a Level and IB History Revision, the had! National government several minutes wandering lost in the countryside presumed that it was as if was... My remarks caused the others to discuss the advantage of keeping the travelers the. Schism of the people, not its executioner mob stormed the Versailles Palace planned. 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